Gas burner equipment



Dec. "15, `1931. G, LJBRENNAN 1,837,105

GAS BURNER EQUIPMENT yFiled July 3, 1930 Patented Dee. 15, 1931 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE j GERALD L. BRENNAN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNORT PHILLIPS PETROLEUM COMPANY, OF RARTLESVILLE, 0KLAHOMA,`A CORPORATIONOF DELAWARE' GAS BURNER EQUIPMENT Application 1ed'J'u1y`3, 1930. SerialNo. -465,752.

This invention relates to gas burners, and more especially to noveldevices for use in burningnormally gaseous paralin hydrocar bons andair.

5 At the present time, it is customary to extract from natural gas,commercial but-ane, and to mix the same with air before burning themixture in a gas stove or the like. It

has been found that ordinary gas stove equipment is not especiallysuitable for. this pur'- 'pose, and one of the salient objects of thepresent invention is to .provide the cocks of such a gas stove withvelocity reducing spuds to obtain maximum efficiency from the 152burners.

The combustion characteristics of butaneair carbureted gas are similarto those of natural gas, since natural gas is composed principally ofthe parailin hydrocarbon,

methane. The molecular formula for butane is Cil-Ilo. The combustion ofbutane is repy resented by the following chemical equation:

1C4H10+ 6.502 24.6N2= y 4G02 5H2O -l- 24.6N2.

by 5.08 cu. ft. "of air as it issues from the spud. 26.02 additional cu.ft. of air per cu.

ft. of butane va or must eventually be added amount of air in themixture issuing from burner ports on domestic appliances should be about60% of the theoretical amount required or complete combustion, theremainder being supplied as secondary air at the burner ports. 31.1 cu.ft. air X 60% primary air used/ =18.66 cu. ft. air which should, on theaverage, accompanying 1 cu.l ft. of butane vapor as primary air. 5.08cu. ft. are already in the butane-air gas mixture leaving 13.58 cu. ft.air per cu. ft. but-ane vapor, to be inspirated in theburner throat.

This amount is easily inspirated inasmuch as the high specific gravityof the butane-air [3 mixture (1.16 air equalling 1.0) greatly inforperfect com ustion. Ordinarily the total` Adifficulty:

1st. By the use of special air shutters with ground faces and restrictedopenings. This method has many obvious disadvanta es as it imposes extraexpense upon the manu acturer and, in case offconverted appliances, isnot at all feasible.

2nd. By using adouble adjustable valve which controls the volume, aswell as the velocity of the gas" entering the burner throat. This valve,when properly adjusted, works very satisfactorily and permits theshutter to be placed in a wide'open position. The amount of primary airinduced is, of' course, greatly reduced. Such a valve is more expensivethan the ordinary stove cock, and its use on converted appliances ishardly feasible on account of costv and time required for the change.

3rd. By the use of my velocity reducing Spud. Such spud is designed to(a) deliberately cut down the exit velocity of the owing gas stream, and(b) to change the location of the discharge into the Venturi mixing tubethroat, thereby` reducing the eiliciency of the mixing tube as an airinspiratin device, and making the accurate control o primary air moresimple. A. partial opening of the air. shutter is permitted, and a widerand more precise range of air adjustment results, due to the lowereddiierential pressure across the air shutters.

M spuds are especially eiiicient for stove top urners. This Spud can beused on conventional adjustable or fixed spud cocks for open or closedmanifold stoves, and is low in cost, quicky installed, and permanent inits effect on the burner functions. When used 100 on convertedappliances, .it is of particular advantage.

With the foregoing object outlined and with other objects in view whichwill appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in thenovel `features hereinafter described in detail, illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appendedclaims.

Referring to the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a side view partly in longitudinal vertical section, of aconventional fixed orifice cock, and air mixing tube, combined with oneform of the improved spud.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a burner to which the gaseous mixture isfurnished by the air mixing tube.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing another form of the spudapplied to an 'adjustable orifice cock.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the spuds shown inFig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an erid view of the same.

Figs. 6 and 7 are a longitudinal sectional view and an end view,respectively, of the spud shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view on the line 8-8 of Fig. 1.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5 and8, the gas supply pipe is designated 8, and it is connected in the usualmanner to an ordinary fixed orifice cock 9, which discharges the gasinto an air mixing tube l() that leads to the burner 1l. At 12, theconventional air controlled damper shutters are arranged, through whichthe primary air is induced to flow by the passage of the gas stream fromthe cock into the air m1xer.

In accordance with the present invention, a special type of imperforatevelocity reducing spud 13 is connected to the outlet end of the cock,and the outer end of this spud terminates at 14 at a point Within thecylindrical restricted portion 15 of the air mixing tube, that is, justbeyond the line where the flared portion 16 merges into the cylindricalportion 15.

From Fig. 4 it may be seen that the spud is screw-threaded at its innerend as at 17, to allow the same to be screwed into the outlet end of thecock, and forwardly'of the screw-threaded portion, an angular surface 18is provided to facilitate the turning of the spud by a wrench or thelike.

The bore of the spud forms l a Venturi throat or fixed orifice 19adjacent the outlet end of the cock, and from this throat, the bore iscylindrical to the outer end 14 of the spud, to allow expansion of thegas stream. This special internal shape of the Spud reduces the velocityof the gas stream flowing through the same, and as the end 14 projectsinto the cylindrical portion of the bore of the air mixing tube, the gasstream diS- charged from the spud will entrain just the right amount ofprimary air, and the mixture will be a proper one to admix with thesecondary air at the burner 11. j

Instead of applying the invention to stoves employing fixedorilice'cocks, the same principle may be embodied in a spud designed foruse .with a conventional adjustable orifice cock 20 of the type shown inFig. 3. InA this case, the ordinary adjustable members on the outlet endof the cock will; be removed, and in their place, the imperforate spud21 will be inserted, which Spud is of the velocity reducing type, andterminates at 22 within the cylindrical restricted portion 23 of the airjmixing tube.

As best shown in Figs. 6 and 7, this type of spud has internal screwthreads 24 for engagement with the apertured outlet point 25 of thecock, and to facilitate .turning of the spud, the latter is providedwith a hexagonal surface 26. Here also the spud has a Venturi throat 27which merges into-a cylindrical bore 28 of about half the length of thespud.

In each instance, the spud cuts down the exit velocity of the flowinggas stream, and also changes the location of the discharge point of thegas stream into the Venturi mixing tube throat, and consequently,reduces the eliciency of the mixing tube as an air inspirating device.It also makes the accurate control of primary'air. easier and simpler,and of course, a partial o ening of the air shutter l2 is permitted, ana wider and more precise range of air adjustment results, due to thelowered differential pressure across the air shutters.

While the invention is especially suitable for use with normally gaseousparaffin hydrocarbon fuels, it will be apparent to those familiar withsuch devices, that it also may be used with other types of gaseousfuels.

While preferred embodiments of the inv-ention have been disclosedherein, in such manner that the same may be readily understood by thoseskilled in the art, it is apparent that changes may be made in thedetails disclosed, without departing from the spirit of the invention,as expressed in thel claims.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In gas burning equipment, a gas cock having an outlet, a Venturi airmixer into which the outlet extends, means for admitting air into themixer adjacent to the point where the cock outlet enters the same, and avelocity reducing spud connected to the outlet of the cock andprojecting into the reduced portion l of the throat of the air mixer.

2. In gas burner equipment, an air mixer tube having a flared endportion provided at its extremity with means for admitting air into theItube, a gas cock having an outlet extending through the extremity intothe tube,

llO

35, restricted portion of the4 latter,

vits extremity said tube. v p gas burner equipment, an air mixer -v endportion provided at means for admitting air as cock having an'outlet anda velocity reducing spud connected to theA outlet of the cock andprojecting through the flared portion of the tube into therestrictedportion of the latter. i

3. In tube having a iiared end portion provided at into the tube, a gascock having an voutlet extending through the extremity into the tube, avelocity reducing spud connected to y the outlet of the cock-andprojecting-through the flared portion of the tube into `the re--stricted portion ofthe latter, and a damper for controlling the airadmission means of its extremity with means for admitting air into thetube, a gas cock: having an outlet extending through the extremity intothe tube, and a velocity reducing spud connected to the outlet of thecock and projecting through the flared portion ofthe tube into the saidspud aving a, Venturi shaped surface` in its bore, the portion of thebeing enlarged and of substantiallycylindrical form.

6. In gas burner equipment, an air mixer tube having a'ared end portionprovided at its extremity with means for admitting air into the tube, agas cock having an outlet extending through the extremity into the tube,

gas burner equipment, an air mixer with means for admitting air -1 Intestimony Spud bore between the Venturi surface and the outer end of thespud p In gas burner equipment, 'a velocity reducin spud having one ofits end portions threa ed for connection to a gas cock and provided withan anfgular external surface to facilitate turnin o the squd by'aSuitable tool, the `sp'ud bem imperforate and its bore having a Venturis aped surface, the portion of thebore between said Venturi shaped sur-`facean'd the outer end of the spud being enlarged and of substantiallyuniform crosssectional area throughout its length.

whereof, I hereto aix my GERALD L. BRENNAN.

signature.

spudv connected gas burner equipment, an air mixer ftube having a flaredend portion provided at i and a velocity reducing spnd connected to theoutlet of the cock and l flared portion of the tube into the restrictedportion of the latter, said spud being joined to the cock by athreadedconnection and having a Venturi throat arranged in closeproximity to the outlet of the cock, the portion of the spud borebetween the Venturi surface and the outer end of the Spud being enlargedand of substantially uniform cross section throughout its length. 1

7. In gas burner equipment, a gas cock having a threaded outlet, and animperforate spud having threads engaging the threads of the outlet, saidspud having a Venturi throat projectingthrough the

